When self-propelled artillery, the armoured personnel carrier, the wheeled cargo vehicle, and supporting aviation - all with adequate communications - were combined to constitute the modern armoured division, commanders regained the capability of manoeuvre. With increased firepower and protection, these mechanised forces would, only some 20 years later, become the armour of World War II. This was the internal combustion engine, which had made possible the development of the tank and eventually would lead to the mechanised forces that were to assume the old roles of horse cavalry and to loosen the grip of the machine-gun on the battlefield. ' The armoured tank was intended to be able to protect against bullets and shell splinters, and pass through barbed wire in a way infantry units could not hope to, thus allowing the stalemate to be broken.įew recognised during World War I that the means for returning mobility and shock action to combat was already present in a device destined to revolutionise warfare on the ground and in the air. 'It was a weapon designed for one simple task: crossing the killing zone between trench lines and breaking into enemy. The tank was originally designed as a special weapon to solve an unusual tactical situation: the stalemate of the trenches on the Western Front. The great weakness of the tank's predecessor, the armoured car, was that it required smooth terrain to move upon, and new developments were needed for cross-country capability. World War I generated new demands for armoured self-propelled weapons which could navigate any kind of terrain, and this led to the development of the tank. The tank still provides the backbone to land combat operations in the 21st century. The Cold War saw the rise of modern tank doctrine and the rise of the general-purpose main battle tank. By World War II, tank design had advanced significantly, and tanks were used in quantity in all land theatres of the war.

Though initially crude and unreliable, tanks eventually became a mainstay of ground armies. The history of the tank begins with World War I, when armoured all-terrain fighting vehicles were introduced as a response to the problems of trench warfare, ushering in a new era of mechanized warfare. Soviet T-35, a five-turreted heavy tank of the 1930s Film of WWI-era French and British tanks ( September 2009) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)

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German main battle tank modern